ASTM B127
ASTM B127 Basic Info
Standard specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) and Nickel-Copper-Silicon Alloy (UNS N04405) Plate, Sheet, and Strip. These alloys exhibit excellent resistance to corrosion in various environments, including seawater and chemical processing industries. ASTM B127 outlines the requirements for dimensions, mechanical properties, and other essential characteristics, ensuring the quality and reliability of plates, sheets, and strips made from these nickel-based alloys.
Characteristics of ASTM B127
- Corrosion Resistance: ASTM B127 materials, such as Monel 400, exhibit exceptional resistance to corrosion in various environments, including seawater, acids, and alkalis.
- High Strength: The alloy specified in ASTM B127 offers high strength and toughness, making it suitable for applications where mechanical properties are crucial.
- Excellent Weldability: ASTM B127 materials are known for their good weldability, allowing for ease of fabrication and construction in diverse industries.
- Dimensional Stability: Products manufactured according to ASTM B127 standards maintain dimensional stability under different temperatures and conditions.
ASTM B127 Data Sheet
Steel Grade
Dimensions and Tol.
Equivalent Steel Grades
Chemical Composition
Mechanical Properties
Fabrication and Welding
Steel Grade
UNS N04400 (Monel 400)
UNS N04405 (Monel R-405)
UNS N05500 (Monel K-500)
UNS N05502 (Monel 502)
UNS N05510 (Monel 401)
UNS N05530 (Monel 404)
UNS N05991 (Monel 502 – Secondary)
UNS N05992 (Monel 502 – Primary)
UNS N06022 (Hastelloy C-22)
UNS N06885 (Monel K-500)
UNS N10003 (Hastelloy C-276)
UNS N10665 (Hastelloy B-2)
UNS N12160 (Alloy 60 – Nicrofer 7520)
UNS N10629 (Hastelloy G-30)
Dimensions and Tol.
Plate:
- Thickness: 0.1875–4 in
- Width: 36–96 in
- Length: 96–240 in
- Flatness Tolerance: Specified thickness ≤ 0.5 in: 1/8 in; Specified thickness > 0.5 in: 3/16 in
- Edge Camber Tolerance: 1/4 in in any 8 ft
Sheet:
- Thickness: 0.018–0.1875 in
- Width: 24–36 in
- Length: 96–120 in
- Flatness Tolerance: Specified thickness ≤ 0.5 in: 1/8 in; Specified thickness > 0.5 in: 3/16 in
- Edge Camber Tolerance: 1/4 in in any 8 ft
Strip:
- Thickness: 0.010–0.125 in
- Width: 0.375–12 in
- Length: Coil
Equivalent Steel Grades
UNS N04400:
Germany: DIN 2.4360
Japan: JIS NW4400
China: GB/T 2054-2019, Q/NJ T 315-2018
UNS N04405:
Germany: DIN 2.4361
Japan: JIS NW4405
China: GB/T 2054-2019
UNS N05500:
Germany: DIN 2.4375
Japan: JIS NW5500
China: GB/T 2054-2019, Q/NJ T 315-2018
UNS N05502:
Germany: DIN 2.4619
Japan: JIS NW5502
UNS N05510:
Germany: DIN 2.4668
Japan: JIS NW5510
China: GB/T 2054-2019
UNS N05530:
Germany: DIN 2.4610
Japan: JIS NW5530
China: GB/T 2054-2019, Q/NJ T 315-2018
UNS N05991:
Germany: DIN 2.4662
China: DIN 2.4602
UNS N05992:
Germany: DIN 2.4663
UNS N06022:
Germany: DIN 2.4602
UNS N06885:
Germany: DIN 2.4663
UNS N10003:
Germany: DIN 2.4602
UNS N10665:
Germany: DIN 2.4617
UNS N12160:
Germany: DIN 2.4675
UNS N10629:
Germany: DIN 2.4668
Chemical Composition
UNS N04400:
- Nickel (Ni): 63.0-70.0
- Copper (Cu): Remainder
- Iron (Fe): 2.5 max
- Manganese (Mn): 2.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.3 max
UNS N04405:
- Nickel (Ni): 63.0-70.0
- Copper (Cu): Remainder
- Iron (Fe): 2.5 max
- Manganese (Mn): 2.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.3 max
UNS N05500:
- Nickel (Ni): 63.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 27.0-33.0
- Iron (Fe): 2.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.5 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.1 max
UNS N05502:
- Nickel (Ni): 64.0-68.0
- Copper (Cu): 27.0-33.0
- Iron (Fe): 1.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 2.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.02 max
UNS N05510:
- Nickel (Ni): 58.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 20.0-24.0
- Iron (Fe): 2.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.1 max
UNS N05530:
- Nickel (Ni): 63.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 28.0-34.0
- Iron (Fe): 2.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.05 max
UNS N05991:
- Nickel (Ni): 42.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 39.0-43.0
- Iron (Fe): 3.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 2.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.02 max
UNS N05992:
- Nickel (Ni): 44.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 47.0-51.0
- Iron (Fe): 2.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.02 max
UNS N06022:
- Nickel (Ni): 45.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 20.0-24.0
- Iron (Fe): 3.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.08 max
- Carbon (C): 0.01 max
UNS N06885:
- Nickel (Ni): 33.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 29.0-33.0
- Iron (Fe): 2.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.5 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.02 max
UNS N10003:
- Nickel (Ni): 55.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 18.0-22.0
- Iron (Fe): 2.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.04 max
UNS N10665:
- Nickel (Ni): 58.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 22.0 max
- Iron (Fe): 2.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.1 max
- Carbon (C): 0.02 max
UNS N12160:
- Nickel (Ni): 59.0-64.0
- Copper (Cu): 27.0-33.0
- Iron (Fe): 1.5 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.02 max
UNS N10629:
- Nickel (Ni): 30.0 min
- Copper (Cu): 29.0-32.0
- Iron (Fe): 1.0 max
- Manganese (Mn): 1.0 max
- Silicon (Si): 0.5 max
- Carbon (C): 0.02 max
Mechanical Properties
UNS N04400:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 485 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 170 min
- Elongation (%): 35 min
UNS N04405:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 550 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 240 min
- Elongation (%): 30 min
UNS N05500:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 550 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 240 min
- Elongation (%): 30 min
UNS N05502:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 550 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 240 min
- Elongation (%): 30 min
UNS N05510:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 482 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 172 min
- Elongation (%): 35 min
UNS N05530:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 552 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 241 min
- Elongation (%): 30 min
UNS N05991:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 400 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 210 min
- Elongation (%): 40 min
UNS N05992:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 440 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 240 min
- Elongation (%): 40 min
UNS N06022:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 690 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 310 min
- Elongation (%): 40 min
UNS N06885:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 650 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 325 min
- Elongation (%): 40 min
UNS N10003:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 760 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 340 min
- Elongation (%): 40 min
UNS N10665:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 690 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 380 min
- Elongation (%): 40 min
UNS N12160:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 480 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 170 min
- Elongation (%): 35 min
UNS N10629:
- Tensile Strength (MPa): 400 min
- Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) (MPa): 220 min
- Elongation (%): 40 min
Fabrication and Welding
Hot Forming:
Hot forming of ASTM B127 materials should be performed within the temperature range of 649-927°C (1200-1700°F) to avoid excessive grain growth and softening.
Cold Forming:
ASTM B127 materials can be cold formed using standard techniques. It is recommended to use lubricants and proper equipment to prevent work hardening.
Machinability:
ASTM B127 materials can be machined using conventional methods, but slower speeds and heavier feeds are recommended due to its toughness and work hardening tendency.
Welding:
ASTM B127 materials are weldable using various methods such as gas-tungsten arc welding (GTAW), gas-metal arc welding (GMAW), shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), and submerged arc welding (SAW).
Welding Consumables:
For GTAW, ERNiCr-7 filler metal is recommended. For GMAW, ERNiCu-7 or ERNiCu-10 filler metals are suitable. For SMAW, ENiCu-7 electrodes are often used. For SAW, ENiCu-7 or ENiCu-10 filler metals are appropriate.
Post-Weld Heat Treatment:
Post-weld heat treatment is generally not required for ASTM B127 materials, but if necessary, it should be conducted at 649-760°C (1200-1400°F) followed by air cooling or water quenching.
Preheating and Interpass:
Preheating is not typically required for thin materials (< 6 mm), but for thicker sections, preheating between 149-204°C (300-400°F) is recommended to prevent cracking. Interpass temperatures should be kept low.
Heat Affected Zone (HAZ):
Control of heat input is crucial to minimize the size and hardness of the HAZ. Excessive heat can lead to increased grain size, reduced toughness, and susceptibility to cracking.
Successful applications of Monel 400 in various industries
Marine Engineering: Monel 400 is widely used in marine applications due to its exceptional corrosion resistance in seawater. It is commonly found in marine hardware such as propeller shafts, pump shafts, valves, and fasteners. Shipbuilders rely on Monel 400 for its durability and longevity in harsh marine environments.
Chemical Processing: In chemical plants, Monel 400 is a preferred choice for equipment exposed to corrosive chemicals. It is used in valves, pumps, heat exchangers, and piping systems handling acids, alkalis, and other corrosive substances. Its resistance to pitting and stress corrosion cracking makes it an ideal material for these critical applications.
Oil and Gas Industry: Offshore platforms and oil refineries utilize Monel 400 for components exposed to seawater and corrosive drilling fluids. This includes pump components, valves, downhole tools, and tubing. Its resistance to erosion-corrosion in high-velocity seawater environments ensures reliable performance and extended service life.
Aerospace: Monel 400 finds application in aerospace engineering for fuel system components, aircraft engine parts, and structural components. Its high strength, resistance to high temperatures, and low coefficient of thermal expansion make it suitable for these demanding aerospace applications.
Medical Industry: Monel 400’s biocompatibility and resistance to body fluids make it valuable in medical applications. It is used in surgical instruments, dental equipment, orthopedic implants, and prosthetic devices. The alloy’s resistance to corrosion ensures the longevity and reliability of medical equipment.
