Metal Library

Abrasive

Abrasive is a material used for grinding, polishing, and removing surface impurities, usually made of minerals, synthetics, or metals. Abrasives are widely used in metal processing, glass processing, ceramic processing, stone processing, and other fields.

There are various types of abrasives, including grinding wheels, emery cloths, grindstones, sandpaper, etc. Each abrasive has a specific grinding performance and applicable occasions. The selection of abrasives should be determined based on the hardness, surface roughness, and processing requirements of the material being processed.

In the steel industry, abrasives are often used in steel surface treatment, cutting, grinding polishing, and other processes to improve the surface quality and processing accuracy of steel. The quality and use effect of abrasives directly affect the processing quality of steel and the quality of finished products, so it plays an important role in production.

Angle steel

Angle steel is a long strip of steel with an L-shaped cross-section, and its cross-section is at a 90-degree right angle. Common specifications of angle steel include equilateral angle steel and unequal angle steel, which are usually used for support structures, corner reinforcement, connectors, etc.

Angle steel is widely used in construction, machinery manufacturing, power equipment, bridge engineering, and other fields, and is often used to build frame structures, support structures, connection structures, etc.

The manufacturing process of angle steel includes hot rolling and cold drawing, and the appropriate angle steel specifications and processes are selected according to different requirements and uses.

Angle steel has good strength and rigidity, can withstand certain loads and pressures, and has important application value in the fields of construction and engineering.

Alloy steel

Alloy steel is a steel material whose properties and characteristics are changed by adding alloying elements (such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, titanium, etc.) to the steel. Alloy steel usually has excellent strength, hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature resistance.

The properties of alloy steel can be adjusted according to the type and content of added alloying elements. For example, adding chromium can improve the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of steel, and adding molybdenum can improve its wear resistance and high-temperature resistance.

Alloy steel is widely used in high-end industrial fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding, chemical equipment, and energy fields. For example, stainless steel is a typical alloy steel with excellent corrosion resistance and is widely used in food processing, medical equipment, and other fields.

The production process of alloy steel has strict requirements, and the content and distribution of alloy elements need to be precisely controlled to ensure the performance of the steel is stable and reliable. The preparation process of alloy steel usually includes process steps such as smelting, refining, casting, or forging.

For products made of alloy steel, it is necessary to select the appropriate alloy steel material according to the specific use environment and requirements to ensure that the product has excellent performance and long-term reliable service life.

Annealing

Annealing is a metal heat treatment process designed to change the organization and properties of a metal through heating and cooling processes. The annealing process usually consists of three stages: heating, holding, and cooling to adjust the grain size and distribution of the metal.

The purpose of annealing is to eliminate internal stresses in the metal, increase the plasticity and toughness of the metal, and improve the machinability and mechanical properties. The annealing process also improves the electromagnetic properties, electrical conductivity, and other properties of the metal.

The annealing process uses different heating temperatures, holding times, and cooling methods depending on the type and use of the metal. Common annealing methods include full annealing, spheroidizing annealing, and aging annealing, each with specific process parameters and effects.

The annealing process is widely used in the field of metal processing and manufacturing, commonly used in the production of steel, aluminum, copper, alloys, and other materials. Through reasonable annealing treatment, the properties and quality of metals can be improved to meet the needs of different projects and products.

Annealing process is an important link in metal processing, which is of great significance for improving the quality, reducing the cost, and extending the service life of metal products. Reasonable control and application of the annealing process can effectively improve production efficiency and product quality.

Blank

Blank refers to the primary metal product used as raw material in metal processing, usually with a larger size and unprocessed shape. Blanks are usually prepared by processes such as smelting, casting, or forging and are used for subsequent processing and production.

The shape and size of the blank depend on its subsequent processing requirements and the shape of the final product. Common billets include steel ingots, aluminum ingots, copper ingots, etc., which can be processed into various shapes of metal products through hot rolling, cold rolling, forging, etc.

The quality and performance of the blank have an important impact on the quality and performance of the final product, so the composition, structure, and shape of the blank need to be strictly controlled during the production process. Reasonable selection and processing of blanks can improve production efficiency and product quality, and reduce production costs.

Blast furnace

Blast furnace is one of the main equipment for smelting iron and steel. It is usually a huge cylindrical structure that can reach very high temperatures inside. In the blast furnace, raw materials such as ore, coke, and limestone are loaded from the top of the furnace, and after high-temperature calcination, the iron content in the ore is reduced.

The calcined ore reacts chemically with coke in the blast furnace to produce liquid iron and slag. Liquid iron flows out from the bottom outlet of the blast furnace, while slag is discharged from the top of the blast furnace.

Blast furnace is an important equipment in the steel industry. Its stable operation directly affects the efficiency and quality of steel production. The molten iron produced by blast furnaces is one of the important raw materials for manufacturing steel.

Cold-rolled strip

Cold-rolled strip is a steel product processed by cold rolling process. Compared with a hot-rolled strip, the preparation process of a cold-rolled strip is carried out at room temperature.

Cold-rolled strips usually have high dimensional accuracy and surface quality, good surface finish, uniform thickness, and excellent mechanical properties. They are often used in situations where high precision and surface quality are required.

The processing process of cold-rolled strips includes cold rolling, annealing, pickling, and other steps. Through multiple processes, products that meet different requirements can be obtained, such as cold-rolled coils, cold-rolled plates, etc.

Cold-rolled strips are widely used in automobiles, electrical appliances, furniture, construction, packaging, and other industries, and are often used to manufacture body panels, home appliance casings, steel furniture, pipes, and other products.

During the production process of cold-rolled strips, process parameters such as rolling temperature, rolling intensity, cooling rate, etc. need to be strictly controlled to ensure that the dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and mechanical properties of the product meet the requirements.

Carbon steel

Carbon steel is an alloy composed mainly of carbon and iron, with a carbon content ranging from 0.05% to 2.0%. Carbon steel generally has high strength and hardness but is relatively poor in corrosion resistance.

Carbon steel is one of the most common types of steel and is widely used in the manufacture of products such as building structures, machine parts, tools, and weapons. Because of its low cost and ease of processing, it occupies an important position in industrial production.

The properties of carbon steel can be controlled by adjusting the carbon content and processing technology to meet different usage requirements. High-carbon steel has higher hardness and is suitable for manufacturing products such as knives and springs, while low-carbon steel has better weldability and toughness and is suitable for welded structures.

Carbon steel also plays an important role in some special applications, such as high-speed cutting tools, bearing steel, and friction materials. The performance and durability of carbon steel can be improved through the rational selection of alloying elements and heat treatment processes.

During the application of carbon steel, it should be noted that its corrosion resistance is relatively poor and it is easily affected by oxidation and corrosion. Therefore, anti-corrosion treatment or the selection of suitable coating materials may be required in products made from carbon steel.

Cold-drawn steel wire

Cold-drawn steel wire is a steel wire product processed through a cold-drawing process. The preparation process is to stretch the steel rod or steel wire through a die to reduce the diameter and improve the surface quality.

Cold-drawn steel wire usually has high dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical properties, and is suitable for manufacturing springs, bolts, nuts, rivets, wire ropes, and other products. Its surface is smooth and its dimensions are consistent, which can meet the requirements of high-precision parts.

The production process of cold-drawn steel wire includes raw material selection, pre-treatment, cold-drawn forming, polishing, and surface treatment. The process parameters and quality standards of each link need to be strictly controlled.

There are many types of materials for cold-drawn steel wire, including carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc. According to different uses and requirements, appropriate steel grades and diameter specifications can be selected.

Cold-drawn steel wire is widely used in machinery manufacturing, automobiles, aerospace, construction, and other fields, providing reliable structural support and connections for various products. During use, care needs to be taken to protect the surface of the steel wire from damage to ensure the service life and safety of the product.

Cold-drawn steel pipe

Cold-drawn steel pipe is a steel pipe product processed by cold drawing process. Its preparation process is to stretch hot-rolled steel billet or steel pipe through a mold at room temperature to reduce the diameter and improve the surface quality.

Cold-drawn steel pipes have high dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical properties, and are suitable for manufacturing precision mechanical parts, automotive parts, hydraulic and pneumatic system pipes, and other products. Its surface is smooth and its inner and outer diameters are precise and can meet high-precision requirements.

The production process of cold-drawn steel pipes includes raw material selection, pre-treatment, cold-drawn forming, polishing, and surface treatment. The process parameters and quality standards of each link need to be strictly controlled.

There are many types of materials for cold-drawn steel pipes, including carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc. According to different uses and requirements, appropriate steel grades and specifications can be selected.

Cold-drawn steel pipes are widely used in machinery manufacturing, automobiles, aerospace, petrochemical, and other fields, providing reliable pipeline transportation and connections for various products. During use, care needs to be taken to protect the surface of the steel pipe from damage to ensure the service life and safety of the product.

Cold–rolled coil

Cold-rolled coil is a kind of steel that has been cold-rolled, and its production process is carried out at room temperature. In the cold rolling process, the steel undergoes continuous rolling, stretching, and pressing processes to finally form a flat coiled steel.

Cold rolled coils have high surface quality and dimensional accuracy, smooth surface, no surface oxide layer, and burrs, and are suitable for manufacturing products with high surface requirements. Commonly used in manufacturing auto parts, electrical products, furniture, etc.

Compared with hot-rolled coils, cold-rolled coils have better mechanical properties, higher strength, and hardness, as well as better processing performance and formability. Therefore, cold rolling is often used in situations where the performance and surface quality of steel are high.

The processing technology of cold-rolled coils is complex and requires strict control and adjustment of process parameters to ensure product quality and performance. During the production process, precision adjustment and maintenance of rolling equipment, roller tables, and lubrication systems are often required.

With the continuous improvement of process technology and the application of advanced equipment, the production efficiency and quality of cold-rolled coils have been significantly improved, providing high-quality raw material support for product manufacturing in various industries.

Cold rolling

Cold rolling is a steel processing process that is usually used to produce steel with high precision and high surface quality, such as cold-rolled plates, thin plates, etc. Compared with hot rolling, cold rolling does not require heating and is processed directly at room temperature.

The cold rolling process can make the surface of the steel smooth and precise in size while improving the hardness and strength of the steel. Cold-rolled products are widely used in automobile manufacturing, home appliance manufacturing, construction, and other fields.

Since cold rolling does not require heating and consumes low energy, and the properties of steel can be adjusted by controlling the rolling process, it plays an important role in the steel industry.

Continuous casting

Continuous casting is a steel production process that directly and continuously casts molten steel into billets, thereby forming a continuous casting process. This process can quickly produce large quantities of blanks, improving production efficiency and product quality.

During the continuous casting process, molten steel is ejected from an electromagnetic stirrer and poured through water-cooled copper plates to form a continuous slab. The products of continuous casting are usually plates or slabs of uniform width and thickness.

The continuous casting process can reduce waste and pollution in traditional casting processes while improving the crystallinity and uniformity of steel. It is widely used in modern steel production.

Cold galvanizing

Cold galvanizing is a surface treatment process that electrochemically deposits a layer of zinc on the surface of steel to prevent it from rusting and corroding. This process is usually used to produce products such as cold-rolled steel plates and cold-drawn steel wires.

During the cold galvanizing process, after the steel is surface treated, an electric current is applied to the electrolyte to deposit zinc ions on the surface of the steel to form a zinc layer. The coating thickness of cold galvanizing is thinner than that of hot galvanizing, but it has a better appearance and higher surface quality.

Cold galvanized products usually have a smooth surface, high corrosion resistance, and good processing performance, and are suitable for some applications that require higher surface quality.

Coating

Coating is a film or coating that covers the surface of a material to change its appearance, and performance, or protect its surface from erosion by the external environment.

These coatings can be in liquid, powder, or solid form and are applied to the material surface by brushing, spraying, dipping, etc.

Coatings can improve the material’s corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high-temperature resistance, water resistance, and other properties, and can also change the gloss, color, and texture of its surface.

Common coating materials include paint, paint film, paint, metal coating, ceramic coating, etc., which are suitable for different application scenarios and requirements.

Coatings are widely used in construction, automotive, electronics, furniture, aerospace, and other fields to provide aesthetics, protection, and functionality to a variety of materials and products.

Color-coated steel sheet

Color-coated steel sheets refer to steel products formed by pre-coating the surface of galvanized steel sheets or other base materials and then painting. Pre-coat usually includes a primer layer, bonding layer, and surface coating, and different colors and patterns can be selected according to customer needs.

Color-coated steel sheets not only have the excellent properties of galvanized steel sheets, such as corrosion resistance and weather resistance but also have a beautiful appearance and are available in a variety of colors and design options. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications in construction, home appliances, transportation, and other fields.

The surface coating of the color-coated board has good anti-pollution and easy cleaning properties, which can maintain a long-term beautiful appearance. It also has good weather resistance and is suitable for use in various harsh environments.

Construction steel

Construction steel is a steel product used in building structures and components. They usually have high strength, corrosion resistance, and weather resistance, and can withstand a variety of external environments and loads.

There are many types of construction steel, and common ones include angle steel, section steel, channel steel, steel plates, steel pipes, etc. They are used in construction to build frame structures, support structures, walls, and roofs.

The selection of building steel should be determined based on specific building design requirements, structural loads, and environmental conditions to ensure the safety, stability, and durability of the building structure.

In the construction industry, construction steel is often used in various construction projects such as high-rise buildings, bridges, tunnels, factories, and stadiums, and is one of the important materials in construction projects.

Construction machinery steel

Construction machinery steel is a steel product used to manufacture construction machinery equipment and mechanical parts. They need to have high strength, wear resistance, impact resistance, and durability to cope with harsh working environments and high-intensity work requirements.

Types of construction machinery steel include plates, profiles, pipes, rails, etc., which are commonly used to manufacture various construction machinery and equipment such as excavators, loaders, cranes, bulldozers, and road rollers.

The selection of steel for construction machinery should be determined based on specific mechanical design requirements, working conditions, and usage environment to ensure good performance and reliability of mechanical equipment.

In the construction machinery manufacturing industry, construction machinery steel is one of the key materials for manufacturing high-quality, high-efficiency, and high-performance construction machinery and equipment, and is of great significance for improving the quality and competitiveness of machinery and equipment.

Cold-rolled strip

Cold-rolled plate and strip refers to steel products produced by cold-rolling hot-rolled plates at room temperature. During the cold rolling process, the steel plate is rolled and cooled to form a thin and uniform strip.

Cold-rolled strips usually have high dimensional accuracy and surface quality, with good surface finish and uniform thickness. Due to processing at room temperature, cold-rolled strips have a finer grain structure and excellent mechanical properties.

This type of steel strip is often used in the manufacture of automotive parts, electronic product casings, home appliances, building materials, etc., where high surface quality and high dimensional accuracy are required.

Decarbonization

Decarburization is the process of releasing carbon from steel through oxidation under high-temperature conditions. In the steelmaking process, to adjust the composition and properties of steel, it is usually necessary to decarburize the molten steel.

The purpose of decarburization is to reduce the carbon content in steel, increase the strength and hardness of steel, and improve its processing performance and welding performance. Common decarburization methods include oxygen blowing, oxidant treatment, etc.

The decarbonization process plays an important role in steel production and can produce a variety of steel products with excellent performance to meet the needs of different industries and fields.

Electric arc furnace

Electric arc furnace is a device that uses electricity to generate high temperatures, used to heat scrap steel or iron alloys to a molten state to make new steel. In an electric arc furnace, scrap steel or ferroalloys are melted by converting electrical energy into heat through an arc created between electrodes by an electric current.

Electric arc furnaces are commonly used to recycle scrap steel and process scrap steel, and can also be used to produce special alloy steel. It has the advantages of flexible operation, short production cycles, low energy consumption, etc., and is widely used in the steel industry.

The heating temperature and melting time of the electric arc furnace can be adjusted according to different steel requirements to produce steel that meets the requirements and can meet the needs of various industrial and construction fields.

Electrolytic galvanizing

Electrolytic galvanizing is a process in which a metal surface is coated with a layer of zinc. Zinc ions are deposited on the metal surface through electrolysis. This galvanizing method is usually used to protect the surface of steel materials to improve their corrosion resistance.

In the electrolytic galvanizing process, a metal material is used as an anode, and a zinc plate is used as a cathode, placed in an electrolyte containing zinc salts. After applying an electric current, zinc ions will precipitate from the anode and deposit on the metal surface to form a zinc layer.

The advantages of electrolytic galvanizing include uniform coating, strong adhesion, good corrosion resistance, beautiful appearance, etc. It is suitable for manufacturing automobile parts, building materials, metal pipes, and other products to improve their weather resistance and service life.

The coating thickness, gloss, crystallinity, and other properties of electrolytic galvanizing can be controlled by adjusting the composition, temperature, current density, and other parameters of the electrolyte to meet the needs and requirements of different products.

Electrolytic galvanizing is an environmentally friendly and efficient surface treatment process that is widely used in various industries and fields. In industrial production, reasonable selection and application of electrolytic galvanizing processes can improve product quality and competitiveness.

Electro-galvanized sheet

Electro-galvanized sheet is a steel product in which a layer of zinc is electrochemically plated on the surface of the steel sheet. This zinc layer can effectively prevent oxidation and corrosion of the steel plate and extend its service life.

The preparation process of electroplated galvanized sheets is usually to immerse the steel sheet in an electrolyte containing zinc ions and use electric current to precipitate a uniform zinc layer on the surface of the steel sheet. This layer of zinc will form a protective layer on the surface of the steel plate, improving the corrosion resistance of the steel plate.

Electro-galvanized sheets have good appearance and corrosion resistance and are widely used in automobiles, electrical appliances, construction, furniture, and other fields. They are often used to manufacture body panels, home appliance casings, pipes, and other products.

Electro-galvanized strip steel

Electro-galvanized strip steel refers to a steel product that is coated with a layer of zinc on the surface of the strip through the electro-galvanizing process. Similar to electro-galvanized sheets, electro-galvanized strips also have good anti-corrosion properties.

Electro-galvanized strip steel is usually produced in the form of strips and can be customized in different widths and thicknesses according to customer requirements.

Electro-galvanized strip steel has a wide range of applications and is commonly used in construction, manufacturing, power industry, furniture, and other fields. It is often used to manufacture pipes, parts, structural parts, and other products to increase their durability and corrosion resistance.

The preparation process of an electroplated zinc strip uses electroplating technology to form a zinc layer on the surface of the strip. It has the advantages of a simple process and low cost and is suitable for mass production and markets with large demand.

Ferrosilicon

Ferrosilicon is an alloy material mainly composed of iron, silicon, and a small amount of aluminum, calcium, and other elements. It has a higher silicon content, usually between 10% ~ 20%.

Ferrosilicon is an important deoxidizer and alloy additive widely used in the steel smelting and casting industries. It can increase the hardness and strength of steel and improve its mechanical properties and wear resistance.

Ferrosilicon is also commonly used in cast iron production, which can improve the fluidity and cooling performance of cast iron, reduce shrinkage cavities and pores in castings, and improve the quality and formability of castings.

Galvanizing

Galvanizing is a surface treatment process that prevents steel from rusting and corroding by coating it with a layer of zinc. The galvanizing process is usually divided into two methods: hot-dip galvanizing and electro-galvanizing.

Hot-dip galvanizing is to immerse steel in molten zinc liquid to cover the surface with a layer of zinc, which has better anti-corrosion properties. Electro-galvanizing deposits a zinc layer on the surface of steel through electrochemical methods, resulting in a more uniform and fine zinc layer.

The galvanizing process can improve the corrosion resistance of steel and extend its service life, so it is widely used in the production of metal products, such as pipes, steel plates, screws, etc.

Galvanized steel

Galvanized steel is a type of steel that is coated with a layer of zinc on the surface to enhance its corrosion resistance. This process is usually carried out by hot-dip galvanizing or electro-galvanizing, which attaches the zinc layer to the surface of the steel plate to form a protective galvanized layer.

Galvanized steel sheets have excellent corrosion resistance and can remain corrosion-free for a long time in harsh environments such as moisture, acid, and alkali. Therefore, it is widely used in the manufacturing of construction, home appliances, automobiles, furniture, and other industries as a material for structural parts, shells, and other components.

The preparation process of galvanized steel sheets includes surface preparation, pretreatment, galvanizing, drying, and other processes, among which the galvanizing process is a key step. The galvanizing process can choose hot-dip galvanizing or electro-galvanizing according to different needs to meet the requirements of different products.

The performance of galvanized steel sheets is affected by the thickness and uniformity of the galvanized layer, and strict quality control and testing are usually required to ensure stable quality. In products made of galvanized steel sheets, additional anti-corrosion treatment is usually not required, saving production costs.

Galvanized steel sheets have a large market demand and have good development prospects. However, it should be noted that scratching or damaging the galvanized layer during use should be avoided to avoid affecting its anti-corrosion performance.

Galvanized sheet

Galvanized sheet is a steel product that is coated with a layer of zinc on the surface of the steel sheet. This layer of zinc can protect the steel plate from oxidation and corrosion, thereby extending its service life.

The preparation process for the galvanized sheet is usually to immerse the steel sheet in molten zinc liquid so that the surface of the steel sheet is covered with a uniform zinc layer. This layer of zinc will form a protective layer on the surface of the steel plate, effectively preventing oxidation and corrosion of the steel plate.

Galvanized sheets are widely used in construction, furniture, electrical appliances, automobiles, and other fields. They are often used to manufacture roofs, walls, pipes, parts, and other products to improve their durability and corrosion resistance.

There are two types of galvanized sheets: hot-dip galvanized sheets and electro-galvanized sheets. The zinc layer of hot-dip galvanized sheets is thicker and has stronger corrosion resistance, while the zinc layer of electro-galvanized sheets is thinner and is suitable for the required surface. High-gloss situations.

Galvanized strip steel

Galvanized strip steel refers to steel products that are coated with a layer of zinc on the surface of the strip. Similar to galvanized sheets, galvanized strip steel also has good anti-corrosion properties.

Galvanized strip steel is usually produced in the form of strips and can be customized in different widths and thicknesses according to customer requirements.

Galvanized strip steel has a wide range of applications and is commonly used in construction, manufacturing, agriculture, furniture, power industry, and other fields. It is often used to manufacture pipes, parts, structural parts, and other products to increase their durability and corrosion resistance.

The preparation process of galvanized strip steel is similar to that of galvanized sheets. There are also two methods: hot-dip galvanizing and electro-galvanizing. The appropriate galvanizing process and specifications are selected according to different requirements and application scenarios.

Galvalume steel plate

Galvalume steel plate is a steel product in which an aluminum-zinc alloy layer is hot-dip coated on the surface of the steel plate. This process immerses the steel plate in molten aluminum-zinc alloy to form a uniform coating, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the steel plate.

Galvalume steel plate has excellent corrosion resistance and weather resistance, uniform surface coating, high gloss, and good adhesion. Therefore, it is often used in areas that require long-term corrosion resistance, such as building roofs, walls, and home appliance casings.

This type of steel plate also has good formability and processing performance and can be easily processed into products of various shapes and sizes to meet the needs of different occasions.

Hot-rolled strip

Hot-rolled strip refers to a steel product processed through a hot-rolling process. The preparation process is to heat the steel billet and process it through rolling machinery and equipment at high temperatures to finally form a strip-shaped steel product.

Hot-rolled strips usually have high strength and plasticity and relatively rough surface quality, and usually require further processing or treatment, such as cold drawing, hot-rolled coils, galvanizing, etc., to meet different needs.

Hot-rolled strips are widely used in construction, machinery manufacturing, automobiles, ships, pipelines, and other fields, and are often used to manufacture structural parts, components, plates, pipes, and other products.

The production process of hot-rolled strips requires strict control of heating temperature, rolling intensity, rolling speed, and other parameters to ensure that the dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and mechanical properties of the product meet standard requirements.

When using hot-rolled strip products, it is necessary to select appropriate materials, specifications, and processing techniques according to different application scenarios and requirements to ensure that the product has the required performance and quality.

Hot–rolled coil

Hot-rolled coils are steel products processed through high-temperature rolling processes with high temperatures and pressures. During the hot rolling process, the steel billet is heated to a certain temperature and then continuously rolled into plate-shaped steel.

Hot-rolled coils have good plasticity and processability and are often used to manufacture building structures, auto parts, pipes, and other products. Since heated steel is easily plastically deformed, a variety of complex shapes and sizes can be produced.

The surface quality of hot-rolled coils is good and can usually meet the usage requirements without surface treatment. It has high strength and wear resistance and is suitable for various structures and parts with high strength requirements.

Hot rolled coils are widely used in construction, automobile, shipbuilding, and other industries, providing important structural materials for various projects and products. Due to its convenient processing and stable performance, it is favored and widely used in the manufacturing industry.

With the continuous advancement of technology and technology, the production process and quality of hot-rolled coils have been continuously improved, providing better material support for various engineering projects and product manufacturing.

Hot dip galvanizing

Hot-dip galvanizing is a surface treatment process that covers steel with a zinc layer by immersing it in molten zinc to prevent rust and corrosion. This process is commonly used to produce products such as galvanized steel sheets and galvanized pipes.

In the hot-dip galvanizing process, the steel material first undergoes surface pretreatment, such as pickling, degreasing, etc., and then is immersed in preheated zinc liquid and galvanized at high temperatures. The zinc liquid reacts chemically with the steel surface to form a zinc-iron alloy layer, thereby protecting the steel.

Hot-dip galvanizing has the advantages of uniform coating thickness, strong adhesion, and good corrosion resistance. It is suitable for outdoor use or environments with high corrosion resistance requirements.

Hot rolling

Hot rolling is a common steel processing process, usually used to produce steel products of various shapes and sizes, such as steel plates, steel profiles, etc. During the hot rolling process, the steel billet is heated and continuously processed through the rolling mill to deform it into the desired size and shape.

The hot rolling process can change the grain structure and internal stress of the steel, improving the plasticity and strength of the steel. Since heated steel is easily plastically deformed, hot rolling can produce a variety of complex shapes and sizes.

The surface quality of hot-rolled products is relatively poor, and subsequent surface treatments are usually required, such as pickling, galvanizing, etc. The hot rolling process is widely used in the steel industry and is one of the important processes for manufacturing steel.

Heat treatment

Heat treatment is a process used to modify the properties of metals and alloys by controlling their heating and cooling processes, thereby changing their internal structure and properties. The process usually begins by heating the material to a specific temperature and then holding it at that temperature for a certain period to induce changes in the material’s crystal structure. The material is then rapidly cooled, which helps anchor the newly formed crystal structure into the material, allowing for the desired property tuning.

The purpose of heat treatment includes changing the hardness, strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and other characteristics of the material, as well as improving its mechanical properties and process performance.

Common heat treatment methods include annealing, quenching, tempering, etc. Each method has different process conditions and effects and is suitable for different types of materials and requirements.

Annealing is heating the material to a critical temperature and then slowly cooling it to room temperature to improve its toughness and processability.

Quenching is the rapid cooling of a material so that it solidifies quickly, thereby increasing its hardness and strength, but may result in brittleness.

Tempering is reheating the material to a lower temperature after quenching to reduce the internal stress and brittleness caused by quenching while maintaining a certain hardness and toughness.

Heat treatment can not only improve the properties of materials but also adjust their properties to meet different engineering needs and application scenarios.

This process is widely used in many fields such as automobiles, aerospace, and machinery manufacturing, providing important technical support for the manufacturing of various products.

Hot-rolled strip

Hot-rolled strip refers to a plate-shaped steel product produced by rolling steel billet under high-temperature conditions. In this process, the steel billet is heated and processed through rolling machinery and equipment at high temperatures, eventually forming a strip-shaped steel product.

Hot rolled strips usually have high plasticity and processability, but the surface quality is relatively rough. Due to rolling at high temperatures, the grain structure of hot-rolled strips is coarse and there may be an oxide scale on the surface.

This type of steel strip is often used in the manufacturing of building structures, pipelines, ships, automobiles, etc., and can also be used for subsequent cold processing, such as cold rolling, deep drawing, etc.

Ironmaking

Ironmaking is the process of extracting iron elements from iron ore through a high-temperature reduction process to produce pig iron or iron alloys. The ironmaking process usually includes two methods: blast furnace ironmaking and direct reduction ironmaking.

Blast furnace ironmaking involves loading raw materials such as iron ore, coke, and limestone into a blast furnace, and extracting iron through a high-temperature reduction reaction. Direct reduction ironmaking is the direct reduction of iron ore into iron at high temperatures.

Ironmaking is the first step in steel production. The pig iron produced is used as raw material for subsequent steelmaking, which directly affects the quality and performance of steel.

Intermediate frequency furnace

The intermediate frequency furnace is an industrial heating equipment usually used for heating, melting, and heat treatment of metal materials. It uses the principle of high-frequency induction heating to convert electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the workpiece.

The intermediate frequency furnace has the characteristics of fast heating speed, high energy utilization, and uniform heating. It is widely used in industrial fields such as casting, forging, and heat treatment. It can heat various metal materials, such as iron, steel, copper, aluminum, etc.

The heating methods of the intermediate frequency furnace are diverse and can be adjusted and controlled according to the requirements of different workpieces. It is suitable for various heating processes and production requirements. Due to their high efficiency and energy-saving characteristics, intermediate-frequency furnaces have been widely used in industrial production.

Iron ore price

Iron ore is the main raw material for steel production, and its price directly affects the cost and operation of the steel industry chain. Iron ore prices are affected by various factors such as the global economic situation, market supply and demand, excess production capacity, and policy regulation.

Fluctuations in iron ore prices have an important impact on the profitability and production operations of steel companies. High iron ore prices will increase steel production costs and compress corporate profit margins; low iron ore prices will help reduce costs and increase profits.

Changes in iron ore prices will also affect the supply and demand relationship in the steel market, thereby affecting steel prices and market competition. Therefore, monitoring and forecasting iron ore prices is of great significance to steel companies and related industries.

Iron-sulfur

Ferric sulfide is an iron alloy, usually composed of iron and sulfur, with the sulfur content generally ranging from 30% to 50%. It is mainly used for vulcanization treatment in steel production to improve the processing performance and mechanical properties of steel.

In steel smelting, iron-sulfur is usually added to molten steel as a vulcanizing agent. It reacts with iron oxide in the steel to form sulfide, thereby improving the cutting performance and welding performance of the steel.

The amount and method of adding iron-sulfur will affect the performance and quality of steel, so it needs to be controlled and adjusted according to specific requirements and processes in steel production.

Low-alloy steel

Low alloy steel is a type of steel with a lower content of alloying elements, usually lower than that of ordinary alloy steel. This kind of steel has good weldability and processability, as well as certain strength and toughness. It is often used in the manufacture of structural parts, mechanical parts, etc.

The alloying elements of low-alloy steel mainly include vanadium, titanium, chromium, etc. The addition of these elements can improve the strength and hardness of the steel while reducing the cost of the steel. The properties of low alloy steel are closely related to the type and content of alloying elements.

Low alloy steel is widely used in the manufacturing industry and is commonly used in automobile manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, and other fields. Its machinability and weldability make it easy to process into parts of various shapes and sizes to meet different engineering needs.

Low-alloy steels cost less than high-alloy steels but still offer higher performance. By reasonably controlling the content of alloy elements and process parameters, the properties of low-alloy steel can be adjusted to meet the needs of different industries.

Low alloy steel has a wide range of applications and can be customized and applied according to different engineering requirements and environmental conditions. Its excellent performance and applicability make it an indispensable material in manufacturing.

Low-alloy high-strength steel

Low-alloy high-strength steel is a steel that contains a low proportion of alloying elements but has high strength. Compared with traditional carbon steel, low-alloy high-strength steel improves the strength and corrosion resistance of steel by adding a small amount of alloying elements (such as molybdenum, chromium, titanium, etc.).

Low-alloy high-strength steel usually has good weldability, cold formability, and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for manufacturing bridges, building structures, ships, auto parts, and other products that require high strength and durability.

The production process of this kind of steel usually includes refining, molten steel quenching, tempering, rolling or forging, and other process steps to ensure that the chemical composition, grain structure, and mechanical properties of the steel meet the design requirements.

Low-alloy high-strength steel is widely used in the automotive industry to reduce vehicle weight and improve fuel economy and safety. At the same time, it also has important applications in aerospace, shipbuilding, nuclear energy, and other fields.

In products using low-alloy high-strength steel, it is necessary to select the appropriate steel grade and heat treatment process according to the design requirements and use the environment to ensure that the product has good performance and reliability.

Molten steel

Molten steel refers to the molten steel produced in iron-making equipment such as blast furnaces and electric arc furnaces during the steel-making process. It is also called liquid steel. Molten steel usually has the characteristics of high temperature, high purity, and strong fluidity.

Molten steel is an important intermediate product in the manufacture of steel. It needs to be formed through processes such as continuous casting or pouring and finally produces steel products of various shapes and sizes. The quality and composition of molten steel directly affect the performance and appearance of the final steel.

In the continuous casting process, molten steel is continuously cast into shape to form a continuous billet or plate for subsequent processing and production. Therefore, ensuring the stability and controllability of molten steel quality is a key link in steel production.

Molten iron

Molten iron refers to the molten iron produced during the steelmaking process, that is, the molten steel that has not been continuously cast or cast. Molten iron is an important intermediate product in the manufacture of steel.

Molten iron usually has high temperature and fluidity, and needs to be produced and processed in converters, electric arc furnaces, and other equipment. Its composition and quality directly affect the performance and quality of the final steel.

During the continuous casting or pouring process, molten iron is shaped through molds to form billets or plates of various shapes and sizes for subsequent processing and production.

Medium-thick plate

Medium-thick plates refer to steel plate products with a thickness between 6 mm and 150 mm. They are usually used to manufacture heavy industrial products such as machinery and equipment, building structures, ships, bridges, and pressure vessels.

Medium-thick plates have high strength and load-bearing capacity and are often used in structural parts and components that need to withstand large loads and pressures, such as bridge beam plates, ship decks, pressure vessel wall plates, etc.

The production process of medium and heavy plates usually includes multiple processes such as hot rolling, finishing, rust removal, and cutting. Through precise processing and control, high-quality medium and heavy plate products can be obtained.

Common materials for medium and thick plates include carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc. The appropriate materials and specifications are selected according to different uses and requirements.

Medium and thick plates are widely used in machinery manufacturing, construction engineering, shipbuilding, energy equipment, metallurgical equipment, and other fields, providing important structural support and protection for various heavy industrial products.

Narrow strip

Narrow strip refers to steel strip products with narrow widths, usually ranging from a few millimeters to tens of millimeters. Narrow strips are usually made by hot or cold rolling processes and have a smaller ratio of thickness to width.

Narrow strip is widely used in electronics, automobiles, electrical equipment, furniture, and other industries. It is often used to manufacture coils, electromagnets, springs, knives, and other components. It can also be used in packaging, decoration, etc.

The manufacturing process of narrow strips is strict, and thickness, width, and surface quality usually need to be controlled to ensure product performance and quality.

Oil pipe

Oil pipes are pipelines used to transport oil and gas resources such as oil and natural gas. They are usually made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant steel. These pipelines are used to connect oil wells, refineries, storage tanks, and other facilities to transport crude oil and natural gas from production sites to processing or storage locations.

The preparation process of oil pipes strictly follows international and industry standards, requiring high-pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, and sealing properties to ensure a safe and reliable transportation process.

Oil pipes are usually divided into two types: seamless steel pipes and welded steel pipes. The appropriate pipe specifications and processes are selected according to different uses and requirements.

Oil pipes are an important part of the petroleum industry and play a vital role in ensuring the safe and efficient transportation of oil and natural gas.

Plastic-coated steel pipe

Plastic-coated steel pipes are steel pipe products that are coated with a protective layer of plastic or resin on the surface of the steel pipe. This protective layer can effectively prevent corrosion and damage to steel pipes and extend their service life.

Plastic-coated steel pipes usually use a spraying or dip-coating process to coat plastic powder or resin on the surface of the steel pipe, and then heat and solidify to form a strong protective layer. This plastic coating has good corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and weather resistance.

Plastic-coated steel pipes are widely used in urban water supply, drainage, natural gas transportation, chemical pipelines, and other fields. They are also often used in special environments such as underground mines and ocean platforms to improve the durability and safety of pipelines.

Types of plastic-coated steel pipes include three-layer PE-coated pipes, three-layer PP-coated pipes, hot-dip galvanized PE-coated pipes, etc. The appropriate coating materials and processes can be selected according to different engineering needs.

Pre-coating film

Pre-coating film is a process of applying a layer of paint on the metal surface to improve the corrosion resistance, weather resistance, and decorative properties of the metal surface. Pre-coating films are usually used for surface protection and decoration of metal materials such as steel and aluminum.

Pre-coating film coatings usually include polyester, polyurethane, fluorocarbon, and other resins, which have good adhesion, weather resistance, and corrosion resistance, and can effectively protect the metal surface from erosion by the external environment.

The coating process of the pre-coating film includes primer application, drying, topcoat application, curing, and other processes. The composition, quality, and process parameters of the coating need to be strictly controlled to ensure the uniformity and stability of the coating.

Pre-coating films can choose different types of coatings and coating processes according to different needs, including single-layer coating, double-layer coating, roller coating, spray coating, etc., to meet the surface quality and appearance requirements of different products.

Pre-coated films are widely used in construction, home appliances, automobiles, furniture, and other industries to provide beautiful and durable surface protection and decorative effects for various products. Reasonable selection and application of pre-coating technology can improve the market competitiveness and service life of products.

Pre-coated steel plate

Pre-coated steel plate is a steel plate that is pre-coated with one or more layers of specific coatings on the surface of the steel plate to enhance its corrosion resistance, weather resistance, and decorative properties. This coating usually includes polyester, polyurethane, fluorocarbon, and other resins, and has good adhesion and weather resistance.

The coating process of pre-coated steel plates includes primer coating, drying, topcoat application, curing, and other steps. The composition, quality, and process parameters of the coating need to be strictly controlled to ensure the uniformity and stability of the coating.

Pre-coated steel plates are widely used in construction, home appliances, automobiles, furniture, and other industries to manufacture roofs, walls, refrigerators, washing machines, car casings, and other products. It has rich colors and surface effects to meet the needs and aesthetic requirements of different customers.

The advantages of pre-coated steel plates include good corrosion resistance, strong weather resistance, good decorative effect, and convenient construction. By choosing different types and thicknesses of coatings, the needs of different environments and usage conditions can be met.

The production process and quality of pre-coated steel plates have been continuously improved and improved, providing beautiful and durable surface protection and decorative effects for various buildings and products.

Pickling

Pickling is a surface treatment process that improves the quality and performance of metal surfaces by soaking metal materials in an acidic solution to remove surface oxide scale, rust, and contaminants. The pickling process is commonly used in the production and processing of metal materials such as steel and aluminum.

The pickling process mainly includes the selection of pickling liquid, control of pickling conditions, and post-pickling treatment. Different metal materials and surface quality requirements require the selection of pickling solutions of different types and concentrations, and control of the time and temperature of the pickling process.

Pickling can remove oxide scale, rust, welding slag, grease, and other impurities on the metal surface, making the metal surface clean, smooth, and bright, improving the corrosion resistance and adhesion of the metal surface, and providing good conditions for subsequent processing and painting.

The pickling process is widely used in metal manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, electronic products, and other fields. Through pickling treatment, the appearance quality, and surface properties of metal products can be improved, and their market competitiveness and service life can be increased.

When using the pickling process, attention needs to be paid to the control and handling of the pickling liquid to avoid pollution to the environment and harm to personnel. Reasonable selection and application of the pickling process can effectively improve production efficiency and product quality.

Round steel

Round steel is a steel material with a circular cross-section, usually made by hot rolling or cold drawing processes. The diameter of round steel can be customized according to needs. Common diameters include 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 60mm, 130mm, etc. There are also larger diameter round steel used in special fields.

Round steel is widely used in construction, machinery manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, power equipment, and other fields. It is often used to manufacture bolts, nuts, bearings, shafts, and other parts. It can also be used for reinforcement and connection in reinforced concrete structures.

Round steel has good processability and plasticity, is easy to perform cutting, bending, welding, and other processing techniques, and can meet the design and production requirements of various complex projects.

Rebar

Rebar is a long strip of steel commonly used as a building material to strengthen concrete structures. The main function of steel bars is to increase the tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete structures and improve the overall stability and safety of the building.

The manufacturing process of steel bars includes two methods: rolling and drawing. Rolled steel bars are often used in ordinary construction projects, while drawn steel bars are used in special projects or situations that require higher strength of steel bars.

The specification and size of steel bars are usually determined by parameters such as diameter and strength. Common specifications include φ6, φ8, φ10, etc., and strength grades include HRB335, HRB400, etc. Select appropriate steel bar specifications and strength levels according to different engineering needs and design requirements.

During the concrete pouring process, steel bars are embedded in the concrete to form a reinforced concrete structure, which improves the earthquake resistance, wind resistance, and crack resistance of the concrete structure. The use of steel bars makes buildings stronger and more durable.

Steel bars are widely used in construction projects and are commonly found in houses, bridges, underground structures, and other projects. Reasonable selection and construction of steel bars can improve the safety and service life of buildings and protect people’s lives and property.

Refractory material

Refractory material is a material that can withstand high temperatures and chemical corrosion. It is usually used in the lining, furnace wall, furnace bottom, and other parts of high-temperature industrial equipment to protect the equipment from high temperature and chemical corrosion.

Refractory materials can be divided into acidic refractory materials, alkaline refractory materials, neutral refractory materials, etc. according to their high-temperature resistance and chemical composition. Different types of refractory materials are suitable for different industrial production processes and equipment.

Refractory materials are widely used in metallurgy, glass, cement, ceramics, chemical and other industries. They are often used in the linings and furnace walls of iron-making furnaces, steel-making furnaces, glass kilns, cement kilns, and other equipment. They are responsible for thermal insulation, heat insulation, and fire resistance. important role.

Rolling

Rolling is a common metal material processing technology used to prepare steel products such as plates, profiles, and pipes. The principle is to roll steel billets or steel plates through the rolls of a rolling mill in a hot state into products of the required shape and size.

Rolling is divided into two types: hot rolling and cold rolling. Hot rolling is performed under high-temperature conditions and is suitable for the production of thicker plates and profiles; cold rolling is performed at room temperature or low temperature and is suitable for the production of thin plates. , thin-walled tubes, and high-precision profiles.

The rolling process is highly efficient and energy-saving and can produce steel products of various specifications and shapes in large quantities. By adjusting rolling process parameters and roll profile design, precise control of product size, shape, and surface quality can be achieved.

Rolled products are widely used in construction, bridges, ships, automobiles, mechanical equipment, and other fields, providing important structural materials and components for various projects and products. It has good mechanical properties and formability and can meet the needs of different industries.

During the rolling process, parameters such as the chemical composition, temperature, rolling intensity, and speed of the material need to be strictly controlled to ensure stable product quality and compliance with standard requirements. At the same time, regular maintenance and upkeep of rolling mills and roller tools are also required to ensure the normal operation of production equipment.

Steel billet

Steel billet refers to the unrolled steel blank formed after casting or continuous casting. It is an important intermediate product for manufacturing steel. The shape and size of the billet can be customized according to requirements.

Steel billets usually need to undergo processing processes such as hot rolling or cold rolling to become the final steel product. Its quality and shape have a significant impact on the performance and appearance of the final product.

The production of steel billets usually uses processes such as blast furnace smelting or electric arc furnace smelting, which has high production efficiency and low cost. It is one of the important links in the steel industry.

Steelmaking

Steelmaking is a process in which pig iron or iron alloys are smelted to remove impurities, adjust ingredients, and control parameters such as temperature to ultimately produce steel that meets the requirements. Steelmaking processes usually include different processes such as converter steelmaking and electric arc furnace steelmaking.

In the steelmaking process, pig iron or iron alloy is first heated to a certain temperature and then smelted in a converter or electric arc furnace. Impurities are removed through oxidation, reduction, and other reactions, the alloy composition is adjusted, and molten steel that meets the requirements is finally obtained.

The stable operation and optimized design of the steelmaking process directly affect the quality and performance of steel. Various varieties and specifications of steel can be produced through the steelmaking process to meet the needs of different industries and fields.

Stainless steel

Stainless steel is a special steel with good corrosion resistance and a beautiful appearance. Its main feature is that the surface is not prone to rust and oxidation at room temperature. The main alloying element of stainless steel is chromium, which usually contains more than 10.5% chromium. In addition to chromium, other alloying elements such as nickel, molybdenum, etc. may be included to further enhance its properties.

Stainless steel is usually divided into multiple categories based on its organizational structure and use, such as austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, etc. Each type of stainless steel has different corrosion resistance and mechanical properties and is suitable for different use environments and engineering requirements.

Due to its good corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties, stainless steel is widely used in construction, decoration, kitchenware, chemical industry, medical equipment, automobile manufacturing, and other fields. In industries such as food processing and medical devices, the hygiene and corrosion resistance of stainless steel are particularly important.

Overall, stainless steel is a versatile, durable, beautiful material suitable for engineering and product manufacturing in a variety of environments and requirements.

Sulfide steel

Sulfide steel is a steel that contains sulfides on its surface or structure. Vulcanized steel usually has high hardness and wear resistance, and is suitable for manufacturing cutting tools, bearings, and other parts that require wear resistance.

Sulfide steel is usually prepared by adding sulfides to the surface or structure of the steel, or by vulcanizing the surface of the steel. The addition and treatment of sulfides will change the structure and properties of steel, giving it better mechanical properties and wear resistance.

Vulcanized steel is widely used in machinery manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, engineering machinery, and other fields, providing excellent wear resistance and durability for various industrial equipment and parts.

Silicon steel

Silicon steel, also known as electrical steel or silicon steel sheet, is a special cold-rolled steel plate whose main component is silicon. Silicon steel usually has low magnetic permeability and hysteresis loss, so it is widely used as core material in electrical equipment such as motors and transformers.

The main characteristics of silicon steel are low magnetic permeability and low hysteresis loss, which can reduce energy loss when motors and transformers are working and improve energy utilization. In addition, silicon steel also has good processing properties and thermal stability.

Silicon steel is usually divided into different grades according to the silicon content and processing technology and is suitable for different types and specifications of motors and transformers. Due to its important role in the electrical field, silicon steel has been widely used in industrial production.

Silicon steel sheet

Silicon steel sheet is a special-purpose electrical steel that usually contains a certain proportion of silicon in its composition, which can reach 3% to 5%. This steel has excellent magnetic permeability and low hysteresis loss and is widely used in electrical equipment such as power transformers, motors, and generators.

The main characteristics of silicon steel sheets are low hysteresis loss and high magnetic permeability, which result in low energy loss and high energy transfer efficiency in electromagnetic fields. Therefore, silicon steel sheets can achieve higher energy efficiency during power transmission and conversion.

The production process of silicon steel sheets is strict and requires precise control of the content and distribution of alloy elements, as well as the surface quality and thickness of the sheets. The process of preparing silicon steel sheets usually includes hot rolling, cold rolling, annealing, and other processes to ensure that it has excellent magnetic properties.

Silicon steel sheets are used in a wide range of applications, including power industry, automobile manufacturing, home appliance manufacturing, etc. For example, in the core of a transformer and the rotor of an electric motor, silicon steel sheets are an essential material that can improve the efficiency and performance of the equipment.

During the application process of silicon steel sheets, care needs to be taken to protect the surface from damage to ensure its magnetic properties and stability. In addition, regular maintenance and testing of silicon steel sheets are required to extend their service life and ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

Steel environmental protection requirement

The steel production process will produce a large amount of waste gas, wastewater, solid waste, and other pollutants, which will have a certain impact on the environment. Steel environmental protection requirements refer to the environmental protection requirements and measures for steel companies during the production process.

Environmental protection requirements for steel mainly include requirements for waste gas emissions, wastewater treatment, solid waste treatment, energy utilization, etc., requiring steel companies to adopt advanced environmental protection technologies and equipment to reduce emissions, improve resource utilization efficiency, and reduce environmental pollution.

Environmental protection requirements for steel also involve management requirements for enterprises in terms of environmental monitoring, emission permits, and environmental responsibilities. Enterprises are required to strictly abide by national and local environmental laws and regulations and assume environmental protection responsibilities and obligations.

Steel industry standard

Steel industry standards refer to the technical standards, management standards, and testing standards for steel production and steel product quality. They are the basis for regulating the production, operation, and product quality of the steel industry.

The steel industry standards cover many aspects such as raw materials, production processes, product specifications, quality control, production safety, and environmental protection. They are an important support for ensuring the quality of steel products and the standardized operation of the industry.

Steel industry standards are formulated and managed by national standardization management agencies or industry organizations, including national standards, industry standards, enterprise standards, and other standards of different levels and scopes. These standards are usually revised and updated based on technological developments, market demands, and changes in laws and regulations to adapt to the needs of industry development and market changes.

The formulation and implementation of steel industry standards will help improve the quality level of steel products, standardize industry competition order, and promote industrial upgrading and transformation.

Surface treatment

Surface treatment is a method of changing the chemical, physical, or mechanical properties of a material’s surface to improve its surface properties or adapt to specific application requirements.

This treatment can include cleaning, rust removal, polishing, sandblasting, pickling, anodizing, electroplating, coating, and other processes, aiming to enhance the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, adhesion, gloss, and other properties of the material surface.

Surface treatment can also improve the wettability, coating, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and other properties of materials to meet the needs of different fields and applications.

In metal processing, surface treatment is a very important step that can improve the quality, appearance, and performance of manufactured parts and extend their service life.

Surface treatment is widely used in the manufacturing and processing of metals, plastics, ceramics, glass, and other materials, providing key technical support for the production of various products.

Surface roughness

Surface roughness is a measure of the unevenness of a surface or the unevenness of a surface. It describes the subtle undulations and irregularities in a material’s surface.

Surface roughness can be measured and evaluated by various methods, such as roughness-measuring instruments, optical microscopes, scanning electron microscopes, etc.

Surface roughness is critical for many applications because it directly affects the material’s appearance, performance, and functionality. For example, on lubricated surfaces, lower surface roughness can reduce friction and wear, increasing efficiency and longevity.

In engineering, the surface roughness of materials is often controlled and adjusted according to specific requirements and standards to ensure that the quality and performance of the product meet the design requirements.

Surface roughness can also affect the coating properties, coating adhesion, contact area, surface energy, and other characteristics of the material, so it also plays an important role in coating, coating, bonding, and other processes.

Steel Pipe

Steel pipe is a hollow long strip of steel, usually made of steel plates or steel strips through processing, bending, welding, and other processes. It has round, square, rectangular, or other cross-sectional shapes, and can be customized with different diameters and wall thicknesses as needed.

Steel pipes are widely used in industry, construction, transportation, petroleum, chemical, and other fields, and are often used to transport liquids, gases, solids, mechanical parts, building structures, and other purposes.

According to different processing techniques and uses, steel pipes can be divided into two types: seamless steel pipes and welded steel pipes. Each type has its specific advantages and applicable occasions.

Steel wire

Steel wire is a slender metal wire made of high-strength steel, usually with a round or other cross-sectional shape. Steel wire has good strength and toughness and can be used to manufacture various mechanical parts, springs, grids, ropes, and other products.

Steel wire is widely used in construction, automobiles, aerospace, electric power, transportation, and other fields. It is often used to reinforce concrete structures, manufacturing machinery and equipment, suspension cableways, fence nets, and other occasions.

There are many types of steel wires, including ordinary steel wires, stainless steel wires, galvanized steel wires, spring steel wires, etc. Choose the appropriate material and specifications according to different uses and requirements.

Steel

Steel is a metal material composed of iron, carbon, and other alloying elements. It has excellent mechanical properties and processing properties. Steel is commonly used in various engineering construction, machinery manufacturing, transportation, power equipment, and other fields.

Steel can be divided into carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, and other types according to different compositions, structures, and uses. Each type of steel has its own specific physical and chemical properties that are suitable for different projects and applications.

The steel manufacturing process includes ironmaking, steelmaking, rolling, and other links. By controlling various process parameters and material ratios, steel products of various specifications and properties can be produced.

Steel industry chain

The steel industry chain refers to the entire production process and value chain from iron ore mining to the application of final steel products. The industrial chain includes iron ore mining, ironmaking, steelmaking, rolling, processing, and production of finished products.

Iron ore is the starting point of the steel industry chain. After processes such as beneficiation, iron-making, and steel-making, various types of steel and steel products are finally produced. Steel products are widely used in various fields such as construction, transportation, machinery, and electricity. They are one of the basic materials for modern industrial and economic development.

The healthy development of the steel industry chain is of great significance to the country’s economic and social development. It involves resource development, technological innovation, environmental protection, market demand, and other aspects. It requires the joint efforts of the government, enterprises, and all parties in society.

Steel wire rope

Steel wire rope is a rope made of multiple strands of steel wire and has good strength, toughness, and wear resistance. Steel wire ropes usually consist of a steel wire rope core and outer steel wire strands, with a compact and strong structure.

Wire ropes are widely used in hoisting, hoisting, traction, fixing, and other fields, and are commonly found in cranes, cranes, bridge slings, ship moorings, and other projects and equipment.

There are many types and specifications of steel wire ropes. Steel wire ropes of different diameters, structures, and materials can be selected according to different usage requirements to meet specific engineering needs.

When using steel wire ropes, you need to pay attention to their usage environment and working conditions and conduct regular inspections and maintenance to ensure the safety and reliability of the steel wire ropes.

Square steel

Square steel is a steel material with a square cross-section. Common specifications include 50x50mm, 60x60mm, 80x80mm, etc. Square steel is usually made by a hot rolling process, and can also be cold drawn as needed.

Square steel is widely used in construction, bridges, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, and other fields. It is often used to manufacture support structures, component connections, corner reinforcement, etc.

Square steel has good strength and stability, can withstand certain loads and pressures, and has important application value in engineering construction and machinery manufacturing.

Seamless pipe

Seamless pipe is a pipe made from a whole piece of steel billet through heating, perforation, rolling, and other processes. Its inner and outer surfaces are smooth and there are no obvious welds. Seamless pipes have high strength and pressure resistance and are suitable for high-pressure, high-temperature, and high-precision working environments.

Seamless pipes are widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, natural gas, aerospace, nuclear energy, and other fields, and are often used to transport liquids, gases, steam, oil and gas well pipes, petroleum pipelines, chemical equipment, and other occasions.

The manufacturing process of seamless pipes includes hot rolling and cold drawing. Hot-rolled seamless pipes are suitable for large-diameter, thick-walled pipes, while cold-drawn seamless pipes are suitable for small-diameter, thin-walled pipes.

Seamless pipes have good processability and plasticity and can meet the design and construction requirements of various complex projects.

Section steel

Section steel is a long strip of steel with a specific cross-sectional shape. Common cross-sectional shapes include H-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, channel steel, etc. These cross-sectional shapes can provide different mechanical properties and structural characteristics and are suitable for various engineering and construction fields.

Section steel is widely used in building structures, bridge engineering, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, and other fields. It is often used to build frame structures, support structures, load-bearing structures, etc.

The manufacturing process of section steel includes hot rolling and cold drawing, and the appropriate section steel specifications and processes are selected according to different requirements and uses.

Section steel has high strength, good plasticity, and weldability, and can meet the design and construction requirements of various complex projects.

Steel price

Steel prices refer to the transaction prices of steel products in the market, and their fluctuations are affected by a variety of factors, including raw material prices, production costs, market supply and demand, macroeconomic conditions, etc.

Fluctuations in steel prices have an important impact on the profitability and market competition of steel companies. High steel prices are conducive to increasing corporate profits, but may lead to a decline in market demand; low steel prices are conducive to promoting market demand, but put pressure on corporate profits.

Changes in steel prices will also affect the production costs and competitiveness of various industries such as construction, manufacturing, transportation, and energy, and in turn, affect the operation and development of the entire economic system.

Steel production capacity

Steel production capacity refers to the ability and scale of steel companies or countries to produce steel products within a certain period. Steel production capacity is affected by many factors such as technical level, equipment status, capital investment, and policy support.

The improvement of steel production capacity is of great significance to the development of the steel industry. It can increase the production capacity of enterprises, improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, and enhance market competitiveness.

However, excessive expansion of production capacity may lead to overcapacity, intensify market competition and price decline, and hurt industry development and corporate profits. Therefore, reasonable planning and regulation of steel production capacity are crucial to the healthy development of the industry.

Steel consumption market

The steel consumption market refers to the demand market for steel products in various industries and fields, covering construction, transportation, machinery manufacturing, home appliances, energy, and other fields.

Steel is an important basic material in modern industry. It is widely used in building structures, bridges, railways, automobiles, ships, machinery and equipment, and other fields. It is an important support for the development of the national economy.

The scale and structure of the steel consumption market are affected by factors such as the country’s economic development level, degree of industrialization, urbanization process, infrastructure construction, etc., and show a trend of constant change and development.

Steel trade

Steel trade refers to transnational or domestic trade activities of steel products, involving various forms and links such as import, export, re-export, and domestic sales of steel.

Steel trade is an important part of the global steel industry chain. Through trade, optimal resource allocation, market demand satisfaction, and economic benefits can be maximized.

The scale and direction of steel trade are affected by various factors such as international market supply and demand, trade policies, tariff barriers, exchange rate fluctuations, etc., and have certain volatility and uncertainty.

With the acceleration of globalization and the advancement of trade liberalization, steel trade has increasingly become an important part of the development of the steel industry in various countries, playing an important role in promoting the growth and stability of the global economy.

Steel industry

Iron and steel enterprises are enterprises specializing in the production and sales of iron and steel. Their business scope covers ironmaking, steelmaking, steel rolling, and other links.

Steel companies usually have complete production lines and production equipment, which can realize the entire production process from iron ore procurement to finished steel sales.

Steel enterprises occupy an important position in the national economy and are one of the country’s basic industries. They are of great significance in promoting the industrialization process and promoting economic development.

Steel Group

The Steel Group is a large enterprise group formed by the merger of several steel companies. It has a large scale, strong production capacity, and wide influence.

The steel group has achieved economies of scale and improved market competitiveness by integrating corporate resources, optimizing production layout, and improving production capacity utilization.

The steel group has a certain say and influence in the domestic and foreign steel markets and plays an important role in the development of the national steel industry and the stability of the international steel trade.

Steel production process:

The steel production process refers to the entire production process from iron ore to finished steel, including ironmaking, steelmaking, steel rolling, and other links.

Ironmaking is a process in which iron ore is extracted from the ore through smelting, reduction, deoxidation, and other processes. There are many iron-making processes including blast furnace method, direct reduction method, electric arc furnace method, etc.

Steelmaking is a process in which the pig iron produced by ironmaking is refined, tempered, alloyed, and other processes to produce different types of steel with different properties. Steelmaking processes include the converter method, electric furnace method, oxygen top-blown converter method, etc.

Steel rolling is a process in which steel billets produced from steelmaking are processed through hot rolling, cold rolling, galvanizing, coating, and other processes to produce finished steel products of various specifications and shapes.

Steel industry policy

Steel industry policies are policies, regulations, and measures related to the development of the steel industry formulated and implemented by the state, aiming to promote the healthy development of the steel industry, adjust the industrial structure, and enhance industrial competitiveness.

The steel industry policy covers many aspects such as industrial development planning, resource development and utilization, technological innovation, environmental protection, quality supervision, market access, etc., and is an important basis for guiding and regulating the development of the steel industry.

The main goals of the steel industry policy include optimizing industrial layout, improving corporate technological levels, promoting corporate mergers and reorganizations, strengthening environmental protection, and promoting the solution to the problem of overcapacity in steel.

The implementation of steel industry policies requires the joint efforts of the government, enterprises, and society to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the steel industry through policy support, market orientation, industrial collaboration, and other means.

Thick-wall steel pipe

Thick-walled steel pipes refer to steel pipe products with larger wall thickness, which are usually thicker than ordinary steel pipes. Thick-walled steel pipes have high load-bearing capacity and pressure resistance and are suitable for situations where they can withstand greater pressure and load.

Thick-walled steel pipes are often used in high-pressure pipelines, boiler pipelines, petroleum pipelines, chemical equipment, and other fields, requiring good sealing, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature resistance.

Thin strip

Thin strip refers to a thin steel strip product, usually between a few millimeters and tens of millimeters in thickness, which is thinner than ordinary steel plates. Thin strip is usually made by the cold rolling process and has high flatness and surface quality.

Thin strips are widely used in automobile manufacturing, home appliance manufacturing, architectural decoration, machinery manufacturing, and other fields. They are often used to manufacture body panels, home appliance casings, pipes, containers, and other products. They can also be used in deep drawing, bending, and other processing processes.

The manufacturing process of thin strips requires strict control of parameters such as thickness, width, surface quality, and flatness to meet the needs of different industries and products.

Thin-wall steel pipe

Thin-walled steel pipes refer to steel pipe products with smaller wall thicknesses, which are usually smaller than ordinary steel pipes. Thin-walled steel pipes have lighter weight and higher elasticity and are suitable for occasions that require lightweight, low-cost, and easy processing.

Thin-walled steel pipes are often used in furniture manufacturing, bicycles, auto parts, building structures, decorative materials, and other fields, requiring good bending, weldability, and surface quality.

Welding

Welding is a method in which two or more materials are heated to a molten state by a heat source so that they are connected in the molten state. Welding is usually used for metallic materials, but can also be used for some non-metallic materials such as plastics and ceramics.

Welding can be divided into two categories: fusion welding and non-fusion welding. Fusion welding includes arc welding, gas-shielded welding, resistance welding, etc. The most common one is arc welding, which melts and joins the welding materials together through the high temperature of the arc. Non-melting welding includes pressure welding, friction welding, ultrasonic welding, etc., which do not require the welding material to be completely melted, but connect the materials through pressure or friction.

Welding is a common connection method in the manufacturing industry and is widely used in construction, ships, bridges, pipelines, automobiles, aerospace, and other fields. Welding can join materials of different types, shapes, and sizes to enable the assembly and repair of structures.

When welding, it is necessary to consider factors such as material type, thickness, shape, welding position, welding process, etc., and select appropriate welding methods and materials to ensure the quality and reliability of welded joints.

During the welding process, it is necessary to pay attention to safety protection to prevent damage from heat sources, sparks, splashes, etc. At the same time, it is also necessary to control the welding parameters to avoid welding defects and deformation to ensure the quality of the welded joints.

Welded pipe

Welded pipes are rolled from steel plates into pipe shapes, and then the edges of the steel plates are welded into pipes through a welding process. The weld seam of the welded pipe can be a long weld seam or a spiral weld seam, which has certain processing technology requirements.

Welded pipes are widely used in construction, bridges, transmission pipelines, municipal engineering, and other fields, and are often used to transport various media such as liquids, gases, solids, and wastewater.

The manufacturing processes of welded pipes include high-frequency welding, submerged arc welding, electro-slag welding, etc., with different characteristics and applicable scopes. Common welded pipes include long welded pipes and spiral welded pipes.

Welded pipes have the advantages of low cost and high production efficiency, and are suitable for mass production and applications. In some cases, welded pipes can also replace seamless pipes to meet certain engineering needs.