ASTM A786
Basic Info
The ASTM A786 standard specifies the standard specifications for hot-rolled carbon steel plates used for stairs, steps, and other floor coverings.
Characteristics
Enhanced Traction: ASTM A786 steel features a raised pattern of lugs or diamonds on its surface, providing increased grip and slip resistance, making it suitable for applications requiring improved traction.
Durability: This type of steel is designed to withstand heavy loads, abrasion, and wear, making it durable and long-lasting in high-traffic areas.
Low Carbon Content: ASTM A786 steel typically has a low carbon content, which enhances its weldability and formability, allowing for ease of fabrication and customization to suit various project requirements.
Versatility: It can be used in a variety of applications such as industrial flooring, stair treads, truck beds, ramps, and walkways due to its combination of strength, traction, and durability.
ASTM A786 Data Sheet
Equivalent Steel Grades
Specification
Chemical Composition
Mechanical Properties
Fabrication and Welding
Equivalent Steel Grades
United States: ASTM A786
China: GB/T 700 Q235B
Japan: G3101 SS400
Germany: DIN 17100 ST37-2
Specification
Plate
- Width: 48 – 96 inches
- Thickness: 0.098 – 0.437 inches
- Tolerances for Width: ± 0.045 inches
- Tolerances for Thickness: ± 0.006 inches
Sheet
- Width: 48 – 96 inches
- Thickness: 0.098 – 0.437 inches
- Tolerances for Width: ± 0.045 inches
- Tolerances for Thickness: ± 0.006 inches
Chemical Composition
Carbon (C):
- Minimum: 0.15%
- Maximum: 0.25%
Manganese (Mn):
- Minimum: 0.6%
- Maximum: 1.35%
Phosphorus (P):
- Minimum: 0.04%
- Maximum: 0.05%
Sulfur (S):
- Minimum: 0.05%
- Maximum: 0.04%
Mechanical Properties
Tensile Strength, Yield Strength:
- Minimum Value: 230 MPa (33 ksi)
- Units: ksi
Tensile Strength, Ultimate Strength:
- Minimum Value: 400 MPa (58 ksi)
- Units: ksi
Elongation at Break:
- Minimum Value: 20%
Reduction of Area:
- Minimum Value: 33%
Hardness (Brinell):
- Range: 100 to 130 HBW
Hardness (Rockwell B):
- Range: 60 to 80 HRB
Hardness (Rockwell C):
- Range: 17 to 29 HRC
Modulus of Elasticity:
- Minimum Value: 200 GPa (29,000 ksi)
- Units: ksi
Poisson’s Ratio:
- Value: 0.3
Shear Modulus:
- Minimum Value: 80 GPa (11,600 ksi)
Bulk Modulus:
- Minimum Value: 160 GPa (23,200 ksi)
Shear Strength:
- Minimum Value: 300 MPa (43.5 ksi)
- Units: ksi
Charpy Impact Test (V-notch):
- Units: °C
Charpy Impact Test (U-notch):
- Units: °C
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test Temperature:
- Minimum Value: -20°C (-4°F)
Charpy U-Notch Impact Test Temperature:
- Minimum Value: -20°C (-4°F)
Fabrication and Welding
Hot Forming:
- ASTM A786 steel can be hot formed at temperatures ranging from 1010°C to 1177°C (1850°F to 2150°F). However, it is recommended to consult the steel manufacturer for specific guidelines.
Cold Forming:
- Cold forming of ASTM A786 steel is generally not recommended due to its high strength and hardness.
Machining:
- ASTM A786 steel has good machining properties. Carbide-tipped tools are recommended for machining operations.
Weldability:
- ASTM A786 steel is readily weldable using conventional welding methods such as arc welding, gas welding, and resistance welding.
Preheating:
- Preheating is not required for welding ASTM A786 steel. However, for thick sections or critical applications, preheating may be beneficial to reduce the risk of cracking.
Welding Electrodes:
- Low hydrogen electrodes are recommended for welding ASTM A786 steel to minimize the risk of hydrogen-induced cracking.
Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT):
- Post-weld heat treatment is generally not required for ASTM A786 steel. However, it may be beneficial for stress relief in certain applications.
Welding Precautions:
- Ensure proper fit-up and joint preparation. Clean the base metal and remove any contaminants before welding. Control heat input to prevent excessive distortion.
Welding Consumables:
- Use filler metals with compositions matching or slightly exceeding the chemical composition of ASTM A786 steel.
Inspection and Quality Assurance:
- Inspect welds for defects such as porosity, cracks, and incomplete fusion. Perform non-destructive testing (NDT) as required to ensure weld quality.
